Almost every internal martial art has some kind of sticking practice or Sticking/Sticky Hands (Chi Sau in Chinese Cantonese). Sticking Hands is both a principle and the drills used to “stick” to an opponent. Touch is maintained in most of the drills but there are exceptions. Even though Sticking Hands has been mostly used as a fighting principle, it trains you to use your natural reflexes by responding to your opponent/partner’s moves and/or intentions no matter which form you practice. As you would imagine, there are many different variations of Sticking Hands drills.
In non-martial practice, it is commonly known as “sensitivity training”. Eyes are closed or covered. Sticking Hands improves your reaction time, teaches you about sensing balance, and trains you to sense your partners intention, predict when they are going to move, and in what direction. Best of all, you learn how to follow the path of least resistance.
When playing Sticking Hands, players usually face each other with each of their arms or hands in contact. Some trainers use a simple “rolling” pattern to start, while others use a series of turns, dips, hand raises, gentle pushes, etc. The point is to “feel” the opponent and to not lose contact. It is a great exercise to not only improve sensitivity, but to develop the ability to “listen”. Some instructors have practitioners create a situation where one opponent is “trapped” (so to speak) and the other has a clear path in order to strike. Again, this all depends on the goal of the exercise - either fighting or increasing sensitivity (or both).
Internal martial artists use “sticking” as a strategy for fighting external styles which use speed, strength, and distance in order to be effective. The principles and practice of sticking are the “counters” to these styles. Sticking (in other words, being in contact) teaches and allows us to feel where our opponent’s power is coming from and to sense their intention. The key is being more relaxed than our partner or opponent. This allows us to deflect or move away to reduce the opponent’s power and speed. Speed can fool your eyes but not your sensitive touch.
Practitioners often see similarities between Push Hands and Sticking/Sticky Hands. The difference comes down to intent. Usually Push Hands teaches the practitioner to stick to their opponent without striking and has more to do with unbalancing your opponent. Of course, it also teaches the practitioner to “listen”!
There is also a difference in Sticking/Sticky Hands depending on intent. Wing Chun emphasizes Sticking Hands training with the intent to strike without receiving a strike in return. The goal is also protecting your centerline, while attacking your opponent’s centerline. The Wing Chun practitioner will “chase the body, not the hands” with straight, sometimes even “choppy” movements. Wing Chun is considered a striking art because the practitioner aims to strike as many times as possible in a short period of time.
Most practitioners feel that you must have arm/hand contact with your opponent so that you can “feel” what your opponent is going to do. This allows you to respond appropriately. However, what if your opponent avoids arm contact? According Chu Shong Tin, famous Chinese Kung Fu and Wing Chun instructor, contact is not always necessary. Obviously, this would require extensive training in several stages in Sticking Hands: single sticking hands, rolling hands, practicing the defending and attacking techniques, and free sparring. Each step requires “step by step” learning and commitment.
According to Ray Hayward, in his May 2016 blog, Master Chang Chao-tung was nicknamed" lightning hands" because of his physical speed and “how fast his sensitivity and reactions were”. When practicing Sticking Hands, we must be relaxed, focused, and flexible at all times in order to achieve this level. Easier said than done for the majority of practitioners!
During my Yang Tai Chi training years ago, we practiced Sticking Hands during a workshop. I had not done sticking since the 90s when I taught and practiced Chen (both martial and non-martial). Full disclosure: I found that although having your eyes closed/covered taught you sensitivity, it also required a certain amount of trust in your practice partner.
I hope you have the opportunity to try Sticking/Sticky Hands. It’s a very interesting exercise and effectively teaches us a lot about listening and sensitivity. It can actually serve a practical purpose in our everyday life by teaching us to “listen” without using our ears.
If you have an opportunity, try it. You may enjoy the experience!
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